Government Schemes/GSII
Sagar Parikrama

What's the NEWS

• Union Minister for Fisheries, Animal Husbandry and Dairying,inaugurate the ‘Sagar Parikrama', organised by The Department of Fisheries, Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry and Dairying, Government of India and National Fisheries Development Board along with Department of Fisheries, Government of Gujarat, Indian Coast Guard, Fishery Survey of India, Gujarat Maritime Board and fishermen representatives on 5th Feb 2022.

• The Parikrama is an endeavour to know the problems of Coastal Fisher folk.
• It will be organised in other districts of Gujarat and other State/UTs in subsequent phases.
• The Parikrama shall be accompanied by the State Fisheries officials, Fishermen representatives, Fish-Farmers entrepreneurs, stakeholders, professionals, officials and Scientists from across the nation.
• The program of ‘Sagar Parikrama' is envisioned as a part of ‘Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsava' saluting our great freedom fighters, sailors and fishers.
• It is proposed to be conducted in all coastal states/UTs through a pre-decided sea route down right from Gujarat,
• Objective -to have interaction programme with fishermen, fisher communities and stakeholders in these locations and districts in order to know the problems of Coastal Fisher folk.

• Oceans are vital to the economies, security and livelihoods of Indian coastal states.
• The Country has a coastline of 8118km, covering 9 maritime States/4UTs and providing livelihood support to millions of coastal fisher folk.
• The Bardoli Satyagraha, in the state of Gujarat, India during the British Raj, was a major episode of civil disobedience and revolt in the Indian Independence Movement on 12 June 1928.
• The Satyagraha was eventually led by Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel and its success gave rise to Patel becoming one of the main leaders of the independence movement, especially resolving farmers issues.
• Gujarat has a coastal length of 1214 km, covering 16 coastal districts having huge diversity of marine based ecosystems and development opportunities.

• The President of India, inaugurated a newly developed Arogya Vanam at the President's Estate
• Spread in 6.6 acres, the Arogya Vanam has been developed in the shape of a human sitting in the Yoga Mudra.
• It consists of around 215 herbs and plants used for therapeutic purposes in Ayurveda.
• Some of the other features of this Vanam are water fountains, Yoga platform, water channel, lotus pond and a view point.
• The concept of Arogya Vanam has been conceived with the aim of publicising the importance of Ayurvedic plants and their effects on human body.

• The Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT) has launched the third edition of the National Startup Awards.

• The first National Startup Awards were announced in 2020 and witnessed applications from over 1,600 startups and ecosystem enablers across India.
• The recently concluded National Startup Awards 2021 saw participation from over 2,200 startups and ecosystem enablers.
• After conducting two successful editions, the National Startup Awards 2022 are open for applications.
• The National Startup Awards 2022 will also reward exceptional incubators and accelerators as key building blocks of a robust startup ecosystem.
• A cash prize of INR 5 lakh will be awarded to each winning startup.
• The awards for startups will be given in 17 sectors classified into 50 sub-sectors.
• The 17 sectors are Agriculture, Animal Husbandry, Construction, Drinking Water, Education & Skill Development, Energy, Enterprise Technology, Environment, FinTech, Food Processing, Health and Wellness, Industry 4.0, Media & Entertainment, Security, Space, Transport, and Travel.

• Swachh Bharat Mission-Urban 2.0, under the aegis of the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs (MoHUA), is organizing a National conclave on ‘Social Enterprises for Garbage Free Cities: Encouraging Women Entrepreneurs in Waste management' in Raipur, in collaboration with the Government of Chhattisgarh
• The day-long event will serve as a platform for peer learning for States and Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) on various centralised and decentralized waste management practices, as part of the Mission's capacity building initiatives.
• The event will also witness the release of the "National Capacity Building Framework for Garbage Free Cities" under SBM-Urban 2.0, which will help build capabilities of relevant stakeholders to strengthen the urban sanitation sector in the country.

• The transformation in the country's cleanliness has been remarkable, with all 35 States and Urban Territories (UTs) created Open Defecation Free (ODF), the practice of segregating waste at source adopted across 87% of wards in the country, and waste processing gone up by nearly 4 times, from 18% in 2014 to 71% at present.
• On 1st October, the Prime Minister launched the Swachh Bharat Mission - U 2.0with the overall vision of creating "Garbage Free Cities".
• The Mission is being implemented under the overarching principles of "waste from wealth", and "circular economy" for maximising resource recovery.
• Swachhata Startup Challenge has been launched by the Mission, in partnership with Government of France.
• The Challenge aims to promote an enabling environment for development of startups and entrepreneurs, including women-led ventures, in the waste management sector, and is expected to identify innovative solutions across various themes, viz (i) social inclusion, (ii) zero dump (solid waste management), (iii) plastic waste management, and (iv) transparency through digital enablement.
• The winning solutions will receive financial support of Rs.25 Lakhs per selected project and 1-year dedicated incubation support from French Tech.

• Turkey said that the situation in Ukraine had become a war, a declaration that authorises Turkey to activate the Montreux Convention and ban Russian war vessels from entering the Black Sea through the Bosporus and Dardanelles straits.
• The Bosporus and Dardanelles straits, also known as the Turkish Straits or the Black Sea Straits, connect the Aegean Sea and the Black Sea via the Sea of Marmara. It is the only passage through which the Black Sea ports can access the Mediterranean and beyond.

Know! about Montreux Convention

• According to the 1936 Montreux Convention Regarding the Regime of the Straits, often referred to simply as the Montreux Convention, Turkey has control over both the Bosporus and Dardanelles straits.
• In the event of a war, the pact gives Turkey the right to regulate the transit of naval warships and to block the straits to warships belonging to the countries involved in the conflict.
• Russia's location on the Black Sea complicates the situation. Article 19 of the treaty contains an exception for the countries on the Black Sea that can effectively undermine Turkey's power in blocking the Russian warships entering or exiting the Black Sea.

Science and Technology/GSIII
National Innovation Conclave on Low Carbon Technologies

What's the NEWS

• The Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE), commemorated its 20th Foundation Day by organising the National Innovation Conclave on Low Carbon Technologies.

• This conclave provided a platform to present the innovations showing benefits of energy savings and greenhouse gas emission reduction potential when deployed at a large scale in industrial and commercial sectors.
• Facility for Low Carbon Technology Deployment (FLCTD) is a project financed by the Global Environment Facility (GEF), implemented by the United Nations Industrial Development Organisation (UNIDO) in collaboration with the Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE).
• The event showcased many low carbon technology innovations developed and validated with the support of FLCTD project.
• The conclave focussed on the challenges in low-carbon innovation including the need for financing towards commercialization and scale up.
• The conclave had sessions deliberating on innovating technologies, investments in cleantech innovation and FLCTD's Accelerator programme.

• Facility for Low Carbon Technology Deployment (FLCTD) Project was launched in 2016 with an objective to identify innovative energy efficiency and low carbon technology solutions that address the existing technology gaps in Indian industrial and commercial sectors.
• FLCTD project is financed by the Global Environment Facility (GEF) and implemented by the United Nations Industrial Development Organisation (UNIDO) in collaboration with the Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE).
• FLCTD has identified six priority technology verticals for ‘Innovation Challenge'.
• The project conducts annual innovation challenge and invites participation from industry, innovators, and technical institutes in the following areas: Waste Heat Recovery, Space Conditioning, Pumps, Pumping Systems and Motors, Industrial IoT, Industrial Resource Efficiency and Electrical Energy Storage.
• FLCTD project have already developed 18 new techniques and of which 12 have been commercialised.

• Ukraine has filed an application before the International Court of Justice (ICJ), instituting proceedings against the Russia concerning "a dispute relating to the interpretation of the 1948 Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide" (the "Genocide Convention").
• Ukraine has accused Russia of falsely claiming that "acts of genocide have occurred in the Luhansk and Donetsk oblasts of Ukraine", and of using that as a pretext to recognise the independence of these regions and of going to war against Ukraine.

• The ICJ is the principal judicial organ of the United Nations (UN).
• The ICJ is based at the Peace Palace in The Hague. It is the only one of the six principal organs of the UN that is not located in New York City.
• The ICJ has 15 judges who are elected to nine-year terms by the UN General Assembly and Security Council, which vote simultaneously but separately.
• It was established in June 1945 by the Charter of the United Nations and began work in April 1946.
• The court is the successor to the Permanent Court of International Justice (PCIJ). The PCIJ was formally dissolved in April 1946,

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