Daily Current Capsules - 31^st May 2019

Health Awareness
Video game addiction is a mental health disorder, World Health Organization says
Relevance IN - Prelims ( about the decision of considering video game as mental disorder and about ICD -11)
Highlights

• The WHO calls gaming addiction "a pattern of persistent or recurrent gaming behavior" so severe it "takes precedence over other life interests".
  
  What's the NEWS
  

• World Health Organisation (WHO) recently declared excessive mobile, video gaming as a disorder.
• Several mental and physical illness issues come up due to excessive gaming. "Gaming disorder" alongside "gambling disorder" has officially placed in the 11^th revision of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-11) list of "disorders due to addictive behaviours".
• Games like PUBG, Loot Boxes and Blue Whale have a darker side that health professionals can no longer ignore.

• The International Classification of Diseases - ICD is a foundation for recognition of health issues and trends globally and the international standard for reporting diseases and health problems.
• It is used by medical experts around the globe to detect conditions and by researchers to categorize conditions.

• As per the WHO, Gaming disorder is defined in the 11^th revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) as a model of gaming trend characterized by impaired control over gaming, rising priority given to gaming over other activities to the extent that gaming takes precedence over other interests and daily activities, and continuation or escalation of gaming despite the occurrence of negative consequences.
• A decision on inclusion of gaming disorder in ICD-11 is based on reviews of available evidence and reflects a consensus of experts from different disciplines and geographical regions that were involved in the process of technical consultations undertaken by WHO in the process of ICD-11 development.
• The inclusion of gaming disorder in ICD-11 follows the development of treatment programmes for people with health conditions identical to those characteristic of gaming disorder in many parts of the world, and will result in the increased attention of health professionals to the risks of development of this disorder and, accordingly, to relevant prevention and treatment measures.

India and its neighbourhood
Government invites BIMSTEC leaders for swearing-in ceremony

Relevance IN - Prelims ( about BIMSTEC and SAARC)

What's the NEWS

• Narendra Modi took oath as the Prime Minister of the 17^th Lok Sabha in the presence of top political leaders, foreign dignitaries, Bollywood stars, business tycoons and others. President Ram Nath Kovind administered the Oath of Office and Secrecy to Modi and his new Council of Ministers at a function in Rashtrapati Bhavan, New Delhi.
• The ceremony saw the presence of leaders of the BIMSTEC Member Countries; Sooronbay Jeenbekov, the President of Kyrgyzstan; and Mauritius Prime Minister Pravind Jugnauth

Know! more about the swearing -in ceremony

• Leaders of the Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation (Bimstec) participated in PM Modi's swearing-in ceremony .
• However, Bangladesh premier Sheikh Hasina not attend the event due to her prior commitments. Myanmar State Councillor Aung Saan Suu Kyi's presence is also uncertain as she is travelling overseas.
• Eight foreign leaders attend PM Modi's swearing-in ceremony.President of Bangladesh Abdul Hamid, Sri Lankan President Maithripala Sirisena, Nepal Prime Minister K P Sharma Oli and Bhutanese Prime Minister Lotay Tshering were among the foreign leaders who attended Prime Minister Narendra Modi's swearing-in ceremony on Thursday.
• President of Myanmar U Win Myint and Special Envoy of Thailand Grisada Boonrach also graced the ceremony at the majestic forecourt of Rashtrapati Bhavan.
• Prime Minister Modi and a team of 57 ministers were sworn-in by President Ram Nath Kovind at a glittering ceremony attended by around 8,000 guests.
• Kyrgyz President Jeenbekov, the current chair of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation, and Mauritius PM Pravind Kumar Jugnauth also attended the ceremony.
• Narendra Modi is set to take oath for his second term as Prime Minister on May 30. President Ram Nath Kovind will administer the Oath of Office and Secrecy to Modi and his Council of Ministers at a function in Rashtrapati Bhavan, New Delhi.

Know! the Significance of this move

• These invitations were in line with the Government's focus on the 'Neighbourhood First' policy. The move holds diplomatic significance as it majorly outreaches India's neighbourhood, engrossing Indian diaspora across the world.
• The invitation to SCO Chair Sooronbay Jeenbekov signifies India's outreach to the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO), which has China, Pakistan, Russia, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, and Tajikistan as its members.
• In 2014, all the SAARC leaders were invited for the oath-taking ceremony of PM Modi, including the then Pakistan Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif.
• The South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) group comprises Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal, the Maldives, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka.

India's transit from SAARC to BIMSTEC

• India knocked-off its engagement with the SAARC and augmented its contributions in BIMSTEC simultaneously after the Uri Attack of 2016 that claimed 18 soldiers of the Indian Army. Pakistan based militant group Jaish-e-Mohammed was behind the attack.
• Following the attack, India decided to boycott the SAARC summit to be held in Islamabad in November 2016 and opted to renew its engagement with BIMSTEC by hosting an Outreach Summit with BIMSTEC leaders alongside the 2016 BRICS summit in Goa.
• India's boycott of SAARC summit was supported by the BIMSTEC member countries, isolating Pakistan.

Know! about BIMSTEC

• The Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation (BIMSTEC) was founded in 1997.
• It is an international regional organisation of seven nations of South Asia and South East Asia.
• The BIMSTEC member countries are Bangladesh, India, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Bhutan, and Nepal. All these seven countries lie near the Bay of Bengal.
• The first BIMSTEC summit was held in Thailand in 1997; second was held in 2008 in India; the third was held in 2014 in Myanmar and the fourth was held in 2018 in Nepal.
• Sri Lanka is the current Chair of the BIMSTEC.

The new Council of minister

• The new Council of Ministers has 25 Cabinet Ministers including Prime Minister Narendra Modi, Rajnath Singh, Amit Shah, Nitin Gadkari, Gowda, Nirmala Sitharaman, Smriti Irani and several Ministers of State.

Miscellaneous Factoids
PM Modi pays tribute to Veer Savarkar on his Jayanti
Relevance IN - Prelims ( facts about Veer Savarkar) + Mains ( GS I Indian national movement)

What's the NEWS

• Prime Minister Narendra Modi paid tribute to patriot and freedom fighter Veer Savarkar on his birth anniversary.

Know! about Veer Savarkar

• Born on May 28, 1883, Vinayak Savarkar was an Indian independence activist, politician, lawyer, writer, and the formulator of the Hindutva philosophy.
• It was reportedly Savarkar, who popularized the term ‘Hindutva' after he joined the Hindu Mahasabha, to create a collective "Hindu" identity, in response to the right-wing Muslim league. The term was originally coined by Chandranath Basu.
• Savarkar was also an ardent practitioner of Hindu Philosophy. He spoke out in favour of validating religious myths and blind faith against the rationalisation of modern science. He was also was a rationalist and reformer.
• While he was studying in India and England, he was associated with the revolutionary group- India House and founded student societies including Abhinav Bharat Society and the Free India Society, as well as publications promoting the cause of complete Indian independence.
• He also published ‘the Indian War of Independence', which was about the 1857 revolt that was banned by the British authorities.
• His revolutionary activities led to his arrest in 1910 and he was sentenced to two life terms of imprisonment, which total led 50 years, and was moved to the Cellular Jail in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
• He was, however, released in 1921 under restrictions after signing a plea for clemency, on the condition that he would renounce revolutionary activities.
• During his prison sentence, Savarkar wrote the work describing Hindutva, advocating what it means to be a Hindu. Besides that, his work described what Hindu pride was and he defined all the people who descended from Hindu culture as being part of Hindutva, including Buddhists, Jains and Sikhs.

Opposition to Quit India movement, INC, India's partition and Mahatma Gandhi

• Savarkar was a fierce critic of the Indian National Congress and its acceptance of India's partition.
• He had opposed the 1942 Quit India movement, calling it a "Quit India but keep your army" movement.
• He also vehemently opposed the partition of India and creation of an independent Muslim state.

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