Daily Current Capsules - 14th JUNE 2019

International Organisations
SCO Summit 2019

Relevance IN - Prelims ( about SCO) + Mains ( GS II important international institutions)
What's the NEWS

• Prime Minister Narendra Modi has reached Kyrgyz capital Bishkek to attend the meeting of Council of Heads of States of Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) beginning on June 13, 2019.

Know! more about SCO summit and the role of India in it

• After Lok Sabha elections 2019 this is Modi's first multi-lateral summit. Presidents and Prime Ministers of 8 member countries will participate in this international forum which will also be attended by 4 head of states as observers.
• India will also hold bilateral meetings with Russia and China on the sidelines of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) summit at Bishkek.
• Council of Heads meeting is also scheduled for June 13. The CHS is the supreme decision-making body in the SCO. This will be the second CHS meeting after India became member of SCO.

Know! all about SCO

• The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) is a permanent intergovernmental international organisation, the creation of which was announced on 15 June 2001 in Shanghai (China).
• Member states of SCO are - the Republic of Kazakhstan, the People's Republic of China, the Kyrgyz Republic, the Russian Federation, the Republic of Tajikistan, the Republic of Uzbekistan, the Republic of India and Islamic Republic of Pakistan. The SCO is a China-led eight-member economic and security bloc.
• The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation Charter was signed during the St.Petersburg SCO Heads of State meeting in June 2002, and entered into force on 19 September 2003. This is the fundamental statutory document which outlines the organisation's goals and principles, as well as its structure and core activities.

Polity
BJP MP Virendra Kumar to be Pro-tem Speaker of 17th Lok Sabha
Relevance IN - Prelims ( about pro tem speaker)
What's the NEWS

• Virendra Kumar a BJP MP from Madhya Pradesh will be the Pro-tem Speaker of the 17th Lok Sabha.Virendra Kumar (65) is a seven-term member of Parliament and won the Lok Sabha polls from Tikamgarh.
• He will preside over the first sitting of the Lok Sabha as Pro-tem Speaker; also he will administer the oath of office to the newly elected MPs.
• The first session of the newly-constituted 17th Lok Sabha will be held from June 17 to July 26. The Election for the Lok Sabha Speaker of the is scheduled to be held on June 19, 2019.

Know! about Pro-tem Speaker

• It is a Latin phrase which translates to for the ‘time being' in English. So the Pro-tem Speaker is a temporary speaker appointed for a limited period of time.
• A Pro-tem speaker is chosen with the agreement of the members of the Lok Sabha and legislative assembly.
• After a general election and the formation of a new cabinet, a list of senior Lok Sabha members prepared by the Legislative Section is submitted to the Minister of Parliamentary Affairs, who selects a Pro-tem speaker. The appointment is approved by the President.

Know! the duties of Pro-tem Speaker

• The first meeting after the election when the Speaker and the Deputy Speaker are selected by members of the Parliament is held under the Pro-tem Speaker.
• In absence of the Speaker, the Deputy Speaker acts as Speaker and in the absence of both a committee of six members selected by the Speaker will act as Speaker according to their seniority.
• The main duty of the Pro-tem Speaker is to administer the oath of office to new members of the house. He also administers the floor test. When new Lok Sabha speaker is elected, tenure of the pro-tem speaker ceases to exist.

National
New Delhi International Arbitration Centre (NDIAC)
Relevance IN - Prelims ( about NDIAC and steps taken by the government to make India an arbitration capital ) + Mains ( GS II dispute redressal mechanism)
What's the NEWS

• The Union Cabinet chaired by Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi approved the Bill New Delhi International Arbitration Centre (NDIAC) Bill, 2019 for introduction in the ensuing session of Parliament.

Know! about the benefits of NDIAC

• The benefits of institutionalized arbitration will be manifold for the Government and its agency and to the parties to a dispute.
• This will result in quality experts being available in India and also an advantage in terms of cost incurred.
• It will facilitate India becoming a hub for institutional arbitration.

Know! about NDIAC bill

• The Bill provides for setting up of an independent an autonomous body for institutional arbitration and to acquire and transfer the undertakings of International Centre For Alternative Dispute Resolution (ICADR) to New Delhi International Arbitration Centre (NDIAC)w.e.f a specified date 2nd march, 2019.
• The Bill replaces the New Delhi International Arbitration Centre Ordinance, 2019, promulgated by President on 02.03.2019 for the creation of an independent and autonomous regime for institutionalized domestic and international arbitration and establishing India as an International Hub of Arbitration.

Know! about the inception of Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) mechanism

• It has been the endeavour of the Government of India to establish an independent and autonomous institution for resolving International and domestic commercial disputes expeditiously by Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) mechanism.
• In this regard, a High-Level Committee (HLC), headed by Mr. Justice B.N. Srikrishna, former Judge of the Supreme Court of India, was constituted in the year 2017.
• The HLC recommended that the Government may take over the International Centre For Alternative Dispute Resolution (ICADR), an existing institution which has been established in the year 1995 using the public funds and develop it as an Institution of National Importance.
• In view of the provisions of the Article 107 (5) and 123 (2) of the Constitution, the New Delhi International Arbitration Centre Bill, 2019 is proposed to be introduced in the Parliament which will replace the New Delhi International Arbitration Centre Ordinance, 2019.

NDIAC - the future International Hub of Arbitration.

• The New Delhi International Arbitration Centre (NDIAC) will be headed by a Chairperson, who has been a Judge of the Supreme Court or a Judge of a High Court or an eminent person, having special knowledge and experience in the conduct or administration of arbitration, law or management, to be appointed by the Central Government in consultation with the Chief Justice of India.
• Besides, it will also have two Full-time or Part-time Members from amongst eminent persons having substantial knowledge and experience in institutional arbitration in both domestic and international.
• In addition, one representative of a recognized body of commerce and industry shall be nominated on rotational basis as a Part-time Member.
• The Secretary, Department of Legal Affairs, Ministry of Law & Justice, Financial Adviser nominated by Department of Expenditure, Ministry of Finance and Chief Executive Officer, NDIAC will be ex-officio Members.

Social Justice
Cabinet approves two months extension to the Committee for Sub-categorization within Other Backward Classes in the Central List
Relevance IN - Prelims ( about the sub categorisation within OBC) +Mains ( GS II government policies and interventions for the development of various sectors)

What's the NEWS

• A Commission was set up under article 340 of the Constitution to examine the issue of sub-categorization within Other Backward Classes in the Central list.

Know! more about the commission

• Union Cabinet chaired by the Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi, has accorded ex-post facto approval for the extension of the term of the Commission to examine the issue of Sub-categorization of Other Backward Classes, by two more months i.e. upto 31st July 2019.
• This is the sixth extension to the commission whose term would have expired on May 31, 2019.

Know! more about the inception of it

• The Commission was constituted under article 340 of the Constitution with the approval of President on 2nd October, 2017.
• The Commission, headed by Justice (Retd.) Smt. G. Rohini commenced functioning in October, 2017 and has since interacted with all the Stats/UTs which have subcategorized OBCs, and the State Backward Classes Commissions.
• The Commission has come to the view that it would be appropriate to have a detailed consultation with the States/UTs in the light of the response received with respect to for the Consultation Papers issued by the "Commission" earlier.
• This is essential to ensure that no community is put in a grossly undeserving position and this process is likely to take a couple of months.
• In view of this fact, the Commission has sought extension of its term by two more months, i.e. upto 31st July 2019 which has been approved by the commission.

Centre- State relations
Cabinet approves extension of President's Rule in J&K for six months
Relevance IN - Prelims( about the governance and president rule in J&K) + Mains ( GS II separation of powers between various organs)

What's the NEWS

• The Union Cabinet, chaired by the Prime Minister Narendra Modi has approved the extension of President's Rule in Jammu and Kashmir for a further period of six months with effect from 3rdJuly, 2019, under article 356(4) of the Constitution of India.

Know! more about it

• The decision implies that the President's rule in Jammu and Kashmir will be extended for a further period of six months with effect from 3rd July, 2019.
• The present term of President's Rule is expiring on 2nd July, 2019and the Governor has recommended that the President Rule in the State may be extended for a further period of six months with effect from 3rd July, 2019.

Know! the Implementation

• A resolution seeking approval of parliament for the same will be moved in both the houses of parliament during the forthcoming session.

Know! about the background of it

• The Governor of Jammu & Kashmir issued a proclamation on 20.6.2018 under Section 92 of the Constitution of Jammu and Kashmir with the concurrence of the President of India, thereby assuming to himself the functions of the Government and Legislature of the State and making some incidental and consequential provisions.
• The State Assembly, initially kept in suspended animation was dissolved by the Governor on 21.11.2018.
• The proclamation issued by the Governor on 20.6.2018 ceased on 19.12.2018 after six months. Under Section 92 of the Constitution of Jammu and Kashmir, there is no provision for further continuation of such Proclamation after six months.
• Hence, on the recommendation of Governor and having regard to the prevailing situation in the State, President issued a proclamation promulgating President's Rule in J&K under article 356 of the Constitution of India. Subsequently, a Resolution approving the subject Proclamation by President was passed in the Lok Sabha on 28.12.2018 and in the RajyaSabha on 3.1.2019.
• The present term of President's Rule is expiring on 2nd July, 2019and the Governor has recommended that the President Rule in the State may be extended for a further period of six months with effect from 3rd July, 2019.
  
  

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