Daily Current Capsules - 29^th JULY 2019

National
Kargil Vijay Diwas 2019: 20th anniversary of Operation Vijay

Relevance IN - Prelims ( about kargil operation) + Mains ( GS III security challenges and their management)
What's the NEWS

• Kargil Vijay Diwas is celebrated to respect and to show gratitude to the brave Indian soldiers of Indian Army who sacrificed their lives to keep India safe and secure.

Know! about Kargil Vijay Diwas

• Every year on July 26, India celebrates Kargil Vijay Diwas and today it is 20^th anniversary of Kargil Vijay Diwas.
• The day is celebrated against the victory of the Indian Armed Forces in Operation Vijay against the infiltrating Pakistani troops.

Know! about Operation Vijay

• In early months of year 1999, Pakistani troops started infiltrating inside Indian boundaries towards LOC.
• On May 1999 about 5000 Pakistani soldiers captured peak of a mountain located inside Indian area. They positioned themselves in key locations to give them a strategic advantage.
• Since Pakistani soldiers and terrorists were positioned at high altitudes it was not easy to combat but Indian fighter jets Mig 21, Mig-27 and Mig-29 showcased their brilliance and compelled Pakistani troops to withdraw from LOC.
• Pakistan asked US to intervene but then US President Bill Clinton refused the request. Indian Army fought with full strength and managed to get back all posts by July 26.

Know! about Operation Badr

• Infiltration by Pakistani troops was code named Operation Badr.
• It had an aim of cutting down India's link with Kargil, Dras and Ladhak area and to remove Indian army from Siachen Glacier.
• But Indian Army fought bravely and won this war. But victory came at a high price as official death toll on the Indian side was 527, while on the Pakistani side it was between 357 and 453.

Social Justice
POCSO case: Supreme Court orders setting up of centrally funded special courts in each districts

Relevance IN - Prelims ( about the POCSO act and the recent amendments) + Mains ( GS II social justice)
What's the NEWS

• The Supreme Court ordered the center government to make a special court in each district having more than 100 cases pending under Protection of Children from Sexual Offences (POCSO) Act. The Supreme Court is anguished with pending cases of sexual offences against children.
• The bench found that 1.5 lakh cases are pending in 670 designated courts.

Know! more about the court's decision

• According to the Supreme Court's decision, each district of the country will be set up an exclusive/designated court if there are more than 100 cases are pending under POCSO Act. Bench said that this court will not try any other offence except cases of POCSO Act.
• Bench also said that these courts will be funded by centre government and will be established under a central scheme.

Know! the Statistics about the case

• The Public Interest Litigation (PIL) plea was filed on the basis of the court's report that informed that in year 2019 from January 1 to June 30 total 24,212 First Information Reports (FIRs) were filed across India under POCSO Act.
• In the same manner, 11,981 cases are still being probed by the police and in 12,231 cases police had filed the charge sheets.
• Report said that trial had commenced in 6,449 cases only while in 4871 cases trial yet to commence. Trial courts had finalized just 911 cases yet which is about 4 percent of the total cases registered in the country.

Know! about POCSO Act

• The Rajya Sabha passed a bill entailing amendments to the POCSO Act by including death penalty for aggravated sexual assault on children, besides providing stringent punishments for other crimes against minors.
• The government is setting up 1,023 fast track courts, which would specially deal with POCSO related cases.
• The latest bill seeks to enhance punishment, including a provision for death penalty, for committing sexual crimes against children.
• The proposed changes in the Protection of Children from Sexual Offences (POCSO) Act also provide for fines and imprisonment to curb child pornography.

Space Awareness
Hyperbola-1
China launches first commercial rocket

Relevance IN - Prelims ( about Hyperbola -1)
What's the NEWS

• Hyperbola-1 lifted off from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Centre with two satellites and payloads into a predetermined orbit.

Know! more about the commercial launch

• iSpace, a Chinese startup, has launched first commercial rocket of China into the Earth's orbit.
• Hyperbola-1 lifted off from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Centre with two satellites and payloads into a predetermined orbit. Before this, two attempts were made by other Chinese companies but failed.
• As per iSpace, height of Hyperbola-1 rocket measures around 68 feet (20.8 meters) tall, with a maximum diameter of around 4.6 feet (1.4 meters).
• According to the iSapce, this rocket is able to deliver up to 573 pounds (260 kilograms) of payload mass to a 310-mile-high (500-kilometer) sun-synchronous polar orbit.
• Hyperbola-1 is carrying the CAS-7B CubeSat (microsatellite). It is an amateur radio mission which is developed by the Beijing Institute of Technology.
• Hyperbola-1 is also carrying a satellite for Aerospace Science and Technology Space Engineering Development Co. Ltd.

Know! about Microsatellite

• Microsatellite is generally size of a shoebox. They help the company or organization to monitor various things like weather pattern, crops, and disaster sites.
• It can also be used by various universities for research purposes. Most of the companies are choosing microsatellites because they are easier to deploy and cheaper to build.
• Also, it is smaller than lengthy versions of traditional satellites. Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) has already launched many microsatellites.

Economic Development
Cabinet approves sale of FACT land to the Government of Kerala
Relevance IN - Prelims ( about FACT) + Mains ( GS III economic developments/reforms) + GS II ( centre -state relations)
What's the NEWS

• The Union Cabinet chaired by Prime Minister Narendra Modi has approved the sale of 481.79 acres of land held by the Fertilizers and Chemicals Travancore Ltd. (FACT) to the Govt. of Kerala.
• FACT will utilize the sale proceeds to address working capital deficiency, improvement of balance sheet and enabling the company to enhance physical and financial performance by implementing capacity expansion projects for sustainable growth of the company.

Know! more about it and the benefits

• This approval will help FACT to reduce the bank borrowings and to implement projects for enhancing fertilizer production capacity and upgrading logistics / raw material handling facilities.
• The revival of FACT will create opportunities for expansion and diversification of the company and this in turn, will help to generate more jobs, both directly and indirectly.
• The net effect of this will be a boost to the economy of the State of Kerala and improving fertilizer availability to South India.
• Reduction of dependence on import of fertilizers and chemicals will facilitate resultant savings in foreign exchange to the country and also improve fertilizers and food security.

Know! about FACT

• It is a fertiliser and chemical manufacturing company.
• It was founded in 1943 and is headquartered in Kochi, Kerala. Besides being 1st fertiliser manufacturing company in independent India it is also largest Central public Sector Undertaking (CPSU) in Kerala

Health Sector
Govt inks MoU with industry body to streamline deliver of services under Ayushman Bharat
Relevance IN - Prelims ( about the MoU signed and about Ayushman Bharat) + Mains ( GS II issues relating to development and management of social sectors like health)
What's the NEWS

• To streamline deliver of services under the Centre's flagship healthcare scheme Ayushman Bharat, its implementing agency inked an MoU with industry body NATHEALTH .

Know! more about theMoU

• The partnership between National Health Authority (NHA) and the Healthcare Federation of India (NATHEALTH) aims to streamline all innovations ensuring that it increases the efficacy of service delivery of Ayushman Bharat-Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (AB-PMJAY).
• The collaboration provides an industry interface for testing innovations, providing mentorship and creating channels for facilitating support required for scaling these innovations.
• This will bolster NHA''s effectiveness in implementing its innovation strategy, which is aligned with the its vision of ''Health for All''
• The main objective is to provide and enable a healthcare innovation ecosystem that supports healthcare innovators and provides them opportunities to partner and scale.
• The MoU aims at enabling an ecosystem for the industry partners within the NATHEALTH network to participate in piloting, testing, adopting, funding and scaling innovations.
• Around 26 Lakh people have availed treatment so far in several hospitals across the country under the scheme since its launch in September last year.
• The insurance scheme aims to provide a health cover of up to Rs 5 lakh per family per year for secondary and tertiary care hospitalisation to over 10.74 crore vulnerable families.
• Partnership will help in linking PMJAY, industry and innovators thus enabling increased adoption of numerous inventions, leading to an increase in access to quality care delivered under PM-JAY.

Know! about Ayushman Bharat

• It is centrally sponsored scheme also known by Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (PMJAY) or National Health Protection Scheme (NHPS).
• It was launched in September 2018 with aim to make interventions in primary, secondary and tertiary care systems in country so as to address healthcare holistically. It covers both preventive and promotive health.
  
  

• Ayushman Bharat-National Health Protection Scheme (AB-NHPS), an insurance scheme seeks to provide a health cover of up to Rs.5 lakh per family per year for secondary and tertiary care hospitalisation to over 10.74 crore vulnerable families.
• It provides a cashless and paperless access to services for beneficiary at point of service.

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