Science and Technology
2^nd CCTNS Hackathon and Cyber Challenge 2020-21 Inaugurated and Locate Nearest Police Station launched
Relevance IN - Prelims (about CCTNS and CCTNS Hackathon and Cyber Challenge + launched mobile app ) Mains (GS III Challenges to internal security through communication networks, role of media and social networking sites in internal security challenges, basics of cyber security; money-laundering and its prevention)
What's the NEWS

• The inaugural function of the 2^nd CCTNS Hackathon and Cyber Challenge 2020-21 of the National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB) was held in New Delhi

2^nd CCTNS Hackathon and Cyber Challenge 2020-21 

• The 2^nd CCTNS Hackathon and Cyber Challenge 2020-21 is to enhance analysis and deepen understanding of police personnel.
• This hackathon is in continuation to the Hackathon & Cyber Challenge which concluded in March 2020.

• Police officials especially those from the cutting edge level, academia, industry, students and others are being invited to participate in the event to help improve existing IT applications as well as help identify new IT applications to improve the CCTNS eco system.

The Mobile App:- "Locate Nearest Police Station"

• The Mobile App:- "Locate Nearest Police Station" was also launched at the function.
• This App will help various users including women commuters, interstate travelers, domestic and foreign tourists etc. especially during any emergency and has the facility to dial 112.
• This can be downloaded from the master police portal, namely, digitalpolice.gov.in of the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA).
• This will add to other Central Citizen Services being provided by the NCRB such as "Missing Person Search", "Generate Vehicle NOC", Proclaimed Offenders Information" and various other services being provided by the State Citizen Police Portals.

Crime and Criminal Tracking Network & Systems (CCTNS)

• Crime and Criminal Tracking Network & Systems (CCTNS) is a plan scheme conceived in the light of experience of a non-plan scheme namely - Common Integrated Police Application (CIPA).
• CCTNS is a Mission Mode Project under the National e-Governance Plan (NeGP) of Govt. of India.

• CCTNS aims at creating a comprehensive and integrated system for enhancing the efficiency and effectiveness of policing through adopting of principle of e-Governance and creation of a nationwide networking infrastructure for evolution of IT-enabled-state-of-the-art tracking system around 'Investigation of crime and detection of criminals'.

Background of Police Systems in India

• Several initiatives have been introduced in the past to leverage IT in police functioning. Some of these initiatives include centrally initiated programs such as the NCRB-led CCIS (Crime and Criminals Information System) and CIPA (Common Integrated Police Application), and State-led initiatives such as e-COPS (in Andhra Pradesh), Police IT (in Karnataka), Thana Tracking System (in West Bengal), CAARUS (in Tamil Nadu) and HD IITS (in Gujarat).

Government Schemes
Unified Portal of Gobardhan launched

Relevance IN - Prelims (about Unified Portal of Gobardhan) + Mains (GS II government policies and interventions + GS III infrastructure development - energy security)
What's the NEWS

• Union Minister, Agriculture and Farmers Welfare and Rural Development ,Union Minister of Petroleum, Natural Gas ,Union Minister of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry and Dairying, Union Minister for Jal Shakti, jointly launched the Unified Portal of Gobardhan

Unified Gobardhan portal

• The key stakeholders under Unified Approach namely, Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE), Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas (MoPNG), Department of Animal Husbandry and Dairying, Department of Agriculture, Cooperation and Farmers Welfare, Department of Agricultural Research and Education (DARE), and Department of Rural Development are having various Biogas programmes/policies/schemes like New National Biogas and Manure Management Programme (NNBOMP) of MNRE, Biofuel Policy &Sustainable Alternative towards Affordable Transportation (SATAT) of MoPNNG, and Cooperative schemes through the National Dairy Development Board (NDDB) of Animal Husbandry Department and various other similar schemes.

• Under the new unified approach, all these programmes/schemes will be coordinated by the Department of Drinking Water and Sanitation under the Swachh Bharat Mission - Grameen (SBMG).

The role of Swachh Bharat Mission - Grameen (SBMG).

• SBMG transformed itself into a Jan Andolan for sanitation and achieved Open Defecation Free (ODF) rural India milestone in mission mode.
• Taking forward the extraordinary success, Phase 2 of the SBM (G) has been launched early last year, which focuses on ODF sustainability and Solid and Liquid Waste Management (SLWM) aiming at comprehensive cleanliness in villages or ODF Plus status.
• for achieving ODF Plus goal, Gobardhan scheme was launched in early 2018 to manage the prevailing issues of bio-waste in villages including cattle waste and converting them into biogas and organic manure to improve the lives of villagers by providing economic and resource benefits to farmers and households.
• Unified Gobardhan portal will ensure close coordination with stakeholder Departments/Ministries for smooth implementation of Biogas schemes/initiatives and its real time tracking.
• Rural India generates enormous quantities of bio-waste which can be efficiently utilized and lead to better environment and public health.
• This can be done through proper schemes and initiatives related to bio-waste processing especially cattle dung into Biogas & organic manure leading to generation of opportunities for employment and household savings.

Know! the role of different ministries in strengthening the unified portal of Gobardhan

• The successful model of Cooperative schemes through the National Dairy Development Board (NDDB) wherein Gaushalas& milk cooperatives are being linked to large community-based biogas units.
• The successful model of SATAT scheme undertaken the ministry of Petroleum, Natural Gas. which aims at setting up of Compressed Bio-Gas (CBG) production plants and ensuring market linkage for use of biofuel in automotive fuels.
• The pilot projects are being set up across the country and it will further increase economic benefits for farmers and overall cleanliness in rural areas.
• The launch of unified portal of Gobardhan will further strengthen the rural economy through a convergent approach for various Biogas projects/models and initiatives.
• The ODF Plus goal outlined in the Phase 2 of SBMG will depend on the performance of Gobardhan scheme to a great extent as it will not only effectively address the solid waste management challenge but will increase livelihood opportunities, and household earnings in rural areas.

GOBAR (Galvanizing Organic Bio-Agro Resources) - DHAN scheme.

• Ministry of Drinking Water & Sanitation has launched the GOBAR (Galvanizing Organic Bio-Agro Resources) - DHAN scheme.
• The scheme is being implemented as part of the Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin).
• The Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin) comprises two main components for creating clean villages - creating open defecation free (ODF) villages and managing solid and liquid waste in villages.
• With over 3.5 lakh villages, 374 districts and 16 States/UTsof the country being declared ODF, the stage is set for ODF-plus activities, including measures to enhance Solid and Liquid Waste Management (SLWM).
• The GOBAR-DHAN scheme, with its focus on keeping villages clean, increasing the income of rural households, and generation of energy from cattle waste, is an important element of this ODF-plus strategy.
• The scheme aims to positively impact village cleanliness and generate wealth and energy from cattle and organic waste. The scheme also aims at creating new rural livelihood opportunities and enhancing income for farmers and other rural people.

•

Social Justice
Eklavya Model Residential Schools

Relevance IN - Prelims (about NESTS and EMRS) + Mains (GS II Welfare schemes for vulnerable sections of the population by the Centre and States)
What's the NEWS

• An MoU was signed between the Kerala State Eklavya Model Residential School Society and the National Education Society for Tribal Students (NESTS) for effective management of the Eklavya Model Residential Schools (EMRS) in Kerala.
• Out of 28 States, where EMRSs are being established, the NESTS has executed MoUs with 21 State/UT Governments as on date including Government of Kerala.
• The signing of the MoU is the first step towards positioning of EMRSs as harbinger of tribal education in the remote tribal hinterlands and it would bring all States on a uniform and mutually agreed platform.

Eklavya Model Residential School

• With the overarching vision of the Prime Minister to usher all round development in tribal areas, the scheme of EMRSs was revamped in 2018-19 to improve the geographical outreach of the programme and introduce several qualitative changes to improve learning outcomes in the schools.
• By the year 2022, there is a target of establishing 740 EMRSs across the country covering every block with 50% or more ST population and 20,000 or more tribal persons, benefitting around 3.5 lakh tribal students.
• EMRSs are a flagship intervention of the Ministry of Tribal Affairs to provide quality education to tribal students in remote tribal areas.
• The programme being implemented since 1998 have created a niche in the tribal education landscape of the country.
• However, the scheme was revamped in 2018 to improve the geographical outreach of the programme and introduce several qualitative changes to improve learning outcomes in the schools.
• Currently there are 588 schools sanctioned across the country in 28 States/UT with around 73391 students enrolled in the Schools.
• Another 152 schools shall be sanctioned by the year 2022.

National Education Society for Tribal Students (NESTS)

• NESTS was established in April, 2019 as an autonomous organization under the Ministry of Tribal Affairs to run and manage the schools.
• Ever since then, In order to ensure adequate availability of financial resources in the schools, the recurring cost per annum per student was enhanced to Rs. 1,09,000.00 in 2018-19 from the existing unit cost of Rs. 61,500.00 in 2017-18.
• With the increase in recurring cost and the construction grant it was imperative that the qualitative improvements in the running and management of the schools are initiated simultaneously. With the execution of MoU, the schools shall be eligible for higher recurring costs so as to ensure qualitative improvements in the schools.

Freedom Struggle
Chauri Chaura' Centenary Celebrations
Relevance IN - Prelims (about Chauri Chaura Centenary Celebrations) + Mains (GS I The Freedom Struggle - its various stages and important contributors /contributions from different parts of the country)
What's the NEWS

• Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi inaugurated the Chauri Chaura Centenary Celebrations at Chauri Chaura, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, on 4th February 2021
• The day marks 100 years of the ‘Chauri Chaura' incident, a landmark event in the country's fight for independence.
• Prime Minister also release a postal stamp dedicated to the Chauri Chaura centenary during the event.
• The centenary celebrations and various events planned by the State government will begin in all 75 districts of the State from 4th February 2021 and will continue till 4th February 2022.

Know about the Chauri Chaura incident:

• The "Chauri Chaura" incident took place on 4 February 1922 at Chauri Chaura in the Gorakhpur district of Uttar Pradesh
• A large group of freedom fighters participating in the Non-cooperation movement, clashed with local police who opened fire
• The locals attacked the police station and set fire to it, killing its occupants
• Mahatma Gandhi, who was completely against violence, stopped the Non-cooperation movement on 12 February the same year
• After an immediate crackdown, the British colonial rulers arrested hundreds of people for the "Chauri Chaura" incident. Mahatma Gandhi was also arrested but later released in February 1924, on grounds of poor health
• Over 200 people were tried on charges of rioting; six of them died in police custody
• The trial lasted eight months; most of those held were sentenced to death
• The Allahabad High Court in April 1923 reviewed the death sentences; 19 were confirmed and 110 were given life sentence

KEEP Learning KEEP Evolving
TEAM CL IAS